![]() ![]() Are the pre-vertebral soft tissues normal (p. Are the three main contour lines/arcs normal (p. Are the other vertebrae (C3–C7) intact (p. Are the posterior arches of C1 and C2 intact?Ĩ. The cervical spine radiograph is a commonly requested radiograph in emergency departments and is a mandatory part of the trauma series. Is Harris’ ring 7 normal? A break in either the anterior or posterior margin of the ring indicates the high probability of a fracture of the Peg/body of C2 (p. ![]() Is the line of the posterior cortex of the Peg continuous with the posterior cortex of the body of C2? Any displacement or break indicates a Peg fracture.Ħ. Is the line of the anterior cortex of the Peg continuous with the anterior cortex of the body of C2? Any displacement implies a Peg fracture or fracture of C2 body.ĥ. The vertebral bodies maintain normal alignment without spondylolisthesis. The vertebral body and disc space heights are maintained. Normal Cervical Spine MRI includes evaluation of the Cervical Discs, Facet joints, Central. The Cervical vertebrae are visualized from C1-C7. Under continuous x-ray, patients are put through various maneuvers that included flexion, extension, and side bending. Is the anterior cortex of the odontoid peg (the Peg) closely apposed to the “coffee bean”?Ĥ. Digital motion x-ray is a powerful tool utilized in the evaluation of the patients suspected of having Cranio-Cervical Instability. Have I identified the anterior arch of the C1 vertebra (the “coffee bean”)?ģ. Is the radiograph technically adequate? Ensure that the C1–C2 articulation and the superior surface of the T1 vertebra are clearly seen.Ģ. Traumatic isolation of the cervical articular pillar: imaging observations in 21 patients. Shanmuganathan K, Mirvis SE, Dowe M, Levine AM. Pseudofractures of the cervical vertebral body. Boston: Little Brown, 1991 193–261.ĭaffner RH, Deeb ZL, Rothfus WE. Malformations of the atlas vertebra simulating the Jefferson fracture. No roentgenograms of children over eight years. 415) (3) a diagram for orientation in oblique spine projections (Fig. 13) (2) representative roentgenograms of the normal cervical spines of infants and children (Figs. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1994 653–735. The illustrations are of three types: (1) those which show the developmental anatomy of the cervical vertebrae (Figs. Emergency imaging of the acutely ill or injured child. Anterior tilt of the dens: is it always a sign of fracture? Emerg Radiol 1995 2:109–10. Rhea JT, Novelline RA, Sacknoff R, Lawrason JN. The radiology of acute cervical spine trauma. Normal variants and artifacts that may simulate acute injury. In: Harris JH Jr, Harris WH, Novelline RA. At their report of findings, have each patient compare the neutral lateral cervical X-ray you took with this one. It’s 2X normal Xray size to make the details easier for patients to appreciate. This wall chart, with a textbook normal lateral cervical X-ray isnt perfect, but its close. Spine, including soft tissues of the pharynx and neck. The perfect teaching resource for your report of findings. Atlas of normal roentgen variants that may simulate disease. These include diagnosing tumors or bone injuries. Standard X-rays are performed for many reasons. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992 291–379. What are X-rays of the spine, neck or back X-rays use invisible electromagnetic energy beams to make images of internal tissues, bones, and organs on film. This provides information on spinal alignment, presence of arthritis, disc degeneration and fractures. Anterior dislocation of C2 in children: physiologic or pathologic. X-rays: X-rays can show the boney structures of the spine. Narrowing of the disc spaces is due to reduced height of the intervertebral discs the discs themselves are not visible with X-ray. The vertebral body endplate surfaces may become sclerotic (whiter than normal), thickened and irregular. X-rays commonly show vertebral body osteophytes. Abnormal cervicocranial retropharyngeal soft tissue contour in the detection of subtle acute cervicocranial injuries. The lumbar and cervical spine are most commonly affected. Comparison of three methods of detecting occipitovertebral relationships on lateral radiographs of supine subjects. Radiologic diagnosis of traumatic occipitovertebral dissociation. Harris JH Jr, Carson GC, Wagner LK, Kerr N. laterally to include the mandible superior-inferior to include the upper incisors and lower incisors orientation. Normal occipitovertebral relationships on lateral radiographs of supine subjects. the central ray is centered at the center of the open mouth angle accordingly see patient positioning collimation. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1992 273–306. In: Rogers LF: Radiology of skeletal trauma. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1996 1–73. ![]()
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